INTERNATIONAL WORKERS (IWs) UNDER THE EMPLOYEES’ PROVIDENT FUND SCHEME, 1952 AND THEIR COMPLIANCE-Interesting read

INTERNATIONAL WORKERS (IWs) UNDER THE EMPLOYEES’ PROVIDENT FUND SCHEME, 1952 AND THEIR COMPLIANCE.
By: S K Gupta, Advocate, Supreme Court of India,                        

The special provision i.e. paragraph 83 of the Employees’ Provident Fund Scheme,1952 ( in short the ‘Scheme,1952’) as well as paragraph 43A of the Employees’ Pension Scheme,1995 ( in short the ‘Pension Scheme,1995’) have been given effect from 1st October’2008 for compliance of IWs. Subsequently, certain amendments have been carried out vide notification dated 3rd September’2010.  As many as five years have been lapsed to the insertion of the riders in respect of IWs in the Scheme, 1952 and the Pension Scheme, 1995 thereof, still many questions, queries and legal opinions are being hunted by the establishments, particularly IT sectors, multinational companies, Air-lines, International Sport Company and Hotels Industries etc. In fact, most of these companies have been repeatedly raising queries in respect of salary limit, meaning of full-salary, deduction of provident fund contribution, compliance of IWs, certificate of coverage (COC), definition of IW and withdrawal of provident fund on leaving the employment from India.
Since there was copious illumination, sought from the industrial sectors, Multinational Companies , IT sectors, Hotel Industries, Sport-industries etc to the legal expert as well as to the local Regional Provident Fund Commissioner, Employees’ Provident Fund Organization for making honest compliance of IWs so for smooth compliance in respect of IWs, the Employees’ Provident Fund Organization, Delhi ( in short ‘EPFO’), has inducted an Additional Central Provident Fund Commissioner ( IWs) at Delhi head quarter , who has been empowered to looking after the affairs of IWs across the country. For illumination of queries, the Additional Central Provident Fund Commissioner (IWs), EPFO, Delhi had issued various instructions and clarification through circular to the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner(s), Assistant Provident Fund Commissioner(s), employer(s) and employee(s). The latest circular no. IWU/7(17)2009/2816 dated 25.05.2012 ( may ask the aforesaid circular by sending email to:skpfdelhi@mail.com), issued by the Additional Central Provident Fund Commissioner ( IWs) , Delhi, who has clarified various compliance issues, involved in implementation of the Scheme,1952 as well as the Pension Scheme,1995 in respect of IWs. Every communiqué, either verbally or through circular, pleads for Provident Fund deduction on the full- salary (i.e. without any wage ceiling) whereas the word ‘full-salary’ has not been defined under the Act, 1952 or under the paragraphs of the Scheme, 1952. In fact, only the word ‘basic wages’ has been defined under Section 2(b) of the Act, 1952 which was further elaborately clarified by the Apex Court in the matter of  Bridge and Roofs Co. Ltd Vs. Union of India, AIR 1963 SC 1474 and further followed by the Apex court in the matter of Manipal Academy of Higher Education Vs. Provident Fund Commissioner, 2008 LLR 443 SC.
COVERAGE: Who is IW?
An International Worker (IW) may be an Indian worker or a foreign national as defined under paragraph 2(ff) of the Scheme, 1952

International Worker (IW) means: -

Any Indian employee having worked or going to work in a foreign country with which India has entered into a social security agreement ( SSA) and being eligible to avail the benefits under social security programme of that country, by virtue of the eligibility gained or going to gain, under the said agreement;

- An employee other than an Indian employee, holding other than an Indian Passport, working for an establishment in India to which the Act, applies;

‘Excluded employee' in reference of IWs:
'Excluded employee' means an International Worker, who has been  contributing to a social security programme of his country of origin, either as a citizen or resident , with whom India has entered into a social security agreement ( SSA) on reciprocal manner and has been enjoying the status of detached-employee for the period and terms, as specified in the SSA.
‘Detachment’ means:
A detached IW , who has been contributing to the social security programme of the home-country and that home-country has issued a detachment Certificate for a specified period in terms of the bilateral SSA signed between host-country and India or an International Worker, who has been  contributing to a social security programme of his country of origin, either as a citizen or resident, with whom India has entered into a bilateral comprehensive economic agreement, containing a clause on social security prior to 1st October,2008, which specifically exempts natural persons of either country to contribute to the social security fund of the host-country.

First example of ‘detached Employee’ #  
      
A person, who is covered under the legislation of home-country (i.e. Hungary) and employed in the home-country (i.e. Hungary), is sent by the employer, to work on behalf of that employer in the other country (e.g. India) will be governed by the regulation of the home-country (i.e. Hungary) irrespective of whether he is sent from Hungary or a third country. For this purpose, a “Certificate of Coverage” (in short ‘COC’) or detachment certificate is to be obtained from the home-country, which serves as a proof of exemption from social security contributions in the host country i.e. India.  

# meaning of ‘detached employee’ also depends upon the terms and conditions of Social Security Agreement (SSA).

          Second example of ‘detached-employee’
If any employee, who avails exemption from contributing in the other country by obtaining a certificate of coverage (COC) from India and contributes to the social security system in India, will not fall under the category of IW and therefore , shall be treated as ‘detached-employee’.
“Full–salary” or “Basic wages” for calculating PF contributions under the Act, 1952:
The Provident Fund Contribution shall be paid by the employer to the fund as per Section 6 of the Act, 1952 read along with paragraph 36 of the Scheme, 1952. In fact, the paragraph 36 of the Scheme, 1952 in respect of IWs was inserted, casting duty to the ‘employer’ to send consolidated return, indicating distinctly the nationality of each and every IWs, required or entitled to become members of the fund showing the basic wages, retaining allowance, (if any) and dearness allowance including the cash value of any food concession paid to each of such international worker.  The PF contribution shall be calculated/ deducted as per definition of basic wages as defined under Section 2(b) read along with section 6 of the Act, 1952 and paragraph 36 of the Scheme, 1952 in respect of IWs. In fact, the definition of basic wages will be remained the same for IWs as defined under Section 2(b) of the Act, 1952 read along with Section 6 of the Act, 1952 as well as the paragraph 36 of the Scheme, 1952. Therefore, the components of basic wages in respect of IW to be included for the purpose of deduction of PF contribution, are the same as in the case of Indian employee’s basic wages as defined under Section 2(b) of the Act, 1952. In fact, the word “Full-Salary” has not been defined under the Act, 1952 or under the Scheme, 1952 so the deduction of PF contribution shall be done as per Section 6 of the Act, 1952 on the component of basic wages, paid to the IW, not on “full-salary”.   

Clarification-I:  In the Scheme, 1952, for Indian employee, there is statutory limit of basic-wages i.e. Rs.6500.00 ( Now , Rs. 15,000.00 from 01.09.2014) but for an IW, there is no limit of basic wage i.e. total basic wages shall be counted for deduction of PF Contribution for IWs. Prior to issuance of the notification dated 11.09.2010, there was diversion of 8.33 from employer’s share of PF contribution to the Employees’ Pension, 1995 i.e. Account No.10, was restricted to basic wages up to Rs.6500/ only i.e. upto Rs.541.00. However, consequent upon notification dated 11.09.2010, the pension fund @ of 8.33 shall be calculated on total basis wages, not restricted to ceiling of Rs.6500.00 per month and shall be remitted in account no.10 through ECR. Again , for remittance of pension fund got changed from 01.09.2014 for new IWs and now , pension fund shall be remitted upto the statutory limit i.e. Rs.15,000.00 for new IWs only.   
Clarification-II: It is further clarified that where basic wages are paid in a currency other than in the Indian rupee, the rate of conversion of that currency shall be the telegraphic transfer buying rate offered by the State Bank of India, established under the State Bank of India Act 1955 (23 of 1995) for buying such currency on the last working of the month for which the basic wage are due in respect of IWs. This is the additional provision what this set of provisions mean for international workers?
Social Security Agreements (SSA):
A Social Security Agreement (SSA) is a bilateral instrument to protect the social security interests of IWs posted in another country. Being a reciprocal arrangement, it generally provides for avoidance of double coverage. In fact, SSA is a legal document for IWs for all purpose provided it should not be contrary to the Indian laws. 

Important silent provisions of SSA:

Generally a Social Security Agreement (SSA) covers three provisions.

a)           Detachment: Applies to employees sent on posting in another country, provided they are complying under the social security system of the home country as well as the terms and conditions of SSA of the host country. 

b)           Exportability of Pension: Provision for payment of pension benefits directly without any reduction to the beneficiary choosing to reside in the territory of the home country as also to a beneficiary choosing to reside in the territory of a third country.

c)   Tantalization of Benefits: The period of service rendered by an employee in a foreign country is counted for determining the "eligibility" for benefits, but the quantum of payment is restricted to the length of service, on pro-rata basis.


          STATUS OF S S A (as on December’2013): (*)  

Belgium                               1st Sept.’2009      
Germany                              1st Oct.’ 2009
Switzerland                          29th Jan.’2011
Denmark                              1st May ‘2011
Luxembourg                         1st June ‘2011
France                                 1st July ‘2011
Hungary                               1st April’ 2013
Netherlands                          1st Dec.’2011
South Korea                         1st Nov.’ 2011
Finalnd                                 16th July’2014
                    (*)  you may ask any SSA by sending email to: skpfdelhi@gmail.com
           
        COMPLIANCE OF IWs BY THE ESTABLISHMENT:

All foreign nationals, employed in an establishment, are to be enrolled as IWs ,with the exception of those who fall under the category of ‘excluded employee’ on the basis of a ‘certificate of coverage’ ( COC) issued by a competent authority under SSA with India. The paragraph 36 of the Scheme,1952 in respect of IWs was inserted , casting duty upon the ‘employer’ to send consolidated return in Form 05 (For un-exempted establishment ) or Form 4 PS ( For exempted establishment ) along with with Form 02, furnishing details of such qualifying IWs, indicating distinctly the nationality of each and every IWs, required or entitled to become members of the fund showing the basic wages, retaining allowance,(if any) and dearness allowance including the cash value of any food concession, paid to each of such IW. The prescribed form for IW-1 i.e.  So s called–Statement IW-1 (may ask the aforesaid statement IW-1 by sending email to:skpfdelhi@mail.com) must be submitted every month by the establishment, mentioning the details of IWs as defined under paragraph 2(ff) (a) & 2(ff) (b) of the Scheme, 2008.  If there is no IW, qualifying to become a member of the fund for the first time or in case, if there is no IW, the employer shall send a ‘NIL’ return to the local office of the EPFO.
     
CERTIFICATE OF COVERAGE(COC):
A ‘certificate of coverage’ ( COC) is issued in respect an employee, who is posted for a short term assignment by his/her Indian employer to a country with whom India has a SSA. For this purpose, the employee is required to submit an application in the prescribed format through his employer to the local Regional Provident Fund Commissioner who , in trun, after due verification of records, forwards it to the IWs unit at Employees’ Provident Fund Organization, Delhi for issuing COC. Now , COC has to applied through portal ( EPFO-web-site)
SETTLEMENT OF PF CLAIM IN RESPECT OF IWs. (*):
IWs may withdraw in accordance with paragraph 83 of the Scheme, 1952, full amount standing to his credit in the fund in following circumstances only:
(i)                          On retirement after attaining the age of 58 years.
(ii)                     On retirement on permanent disability due to bodily or mental      infirmity ( include TB , leprosy and cancer)
(iii)                     On the ground as specified in the SSA, entered into between the Government of India and any other country.   
(iv)                     Withdrawal benefits under the Employees’ Pension Scheme, 1995    is available to only those IWs who are covered under the provisions of the SSA with India and not to other foreign IWs.
     (*)  All withdrawal benefits /pension benefits shall be calculated subject to the SSA’s terms and conditions of the host-country.   
PF CONTRIBUTION UNDER EMPLPOYEES’ DEPOSITED-LINKED INSURANCE SCHEME, 1976 IN RESPECT OF IW:  
The  contribution (@ 0.5% of the insurance fund and its administrative charges @ 0.01%) under the EDLI Scheme, 1976 shall be remitted by the employer together with administrative charges upto the basic wages Rs. 15000.00 , not on full basic wages of IW.

Post amendment in respect of IWs, the revised PF contribution including pension fund will be as follows:

Contribution
International Worker who has joined on or after 1 September 2014
International Worker who has joined prior to 1 September 2014
Employee's contribution to Provident Fund
12% of the basic wages
12% of the basic wages
Employer's contribution to Provident Fund
12% of the basic wages
3.67% the basic wages
Employer's contribution to Pension Scheme,1995

8.33% the basic wages

Total
24% the basic wages
24% of the basic wages


   
Reference: 
SK Gupta
25-B , Pocket-I, Mayur Vihar-III, Delhi-110096,          
M-+91-9891170907,+91-9968097740,+91-11-22624124, 
Email:skpfdelhi@gmail.com http://epfadvskgupta.com http://makeinindialawfirm.com


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